Boil the pasta in salted water until just shy of al dente. Drain and set aside.
In a large skillet or Dutch oven, cook the ground beef over medium heat until browned. Drain any excess grease.
Add diced onion and sauté until soft, about 3–4 minutes. Stir in garlic, tomato paste, Italian seasoning, paprika, and red pepper flakes. Cook for 1–2 minutes.
Pour in beef broth and heavy cream. Stir well and bring to a gentle simmer.
Add cream cheese cubes and stir until melted and smooth.
Mix in Parmesan cheese until fully melted and sauce becomes creamy.
Add cooked pasta into the sauce and stir until well coated. Simmer for 2–3 minutes until the sauce thickens.
Taste and adjust seasoning. Stir in optional veggies if using. Serve warm, topped with more cheese or herbs if desired.